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This week, a 58-year-old man achieved a significant milestone in medical research by becoming the second person in the world to undergo a transplant of a genetically modified pig heart.
Transplanting animal organs into humans, known as xenotransplantation, presents a potential solution to the chronic shortage of human organ donations. Currently, over 100,000 Americans find themselves on waiting lists for organ transplants.
Both heart procedures were performed by experts affiliated with the University of Maryland School of Medicine. Unfortunately, the first patient passed away two months after his transplant last year, attributed to various factors, including his poor state of health prior to the operation, as stated by the university on Friday.
The most recent operation occurred on Wednesday, involving patient Lawrence Faucette. He was not eligible for a donated human heart due to pre-existing vascular disease and complications related to internal bleeding. Faced with near-certain heart failure, this Navy veteran and father of two opted for the experimental transplant.
Faucette expressed his optimism before the procedure, stating, “My last ray of hope lies in undergoing a xenotransplant with a pig heart. Now, I finally have a glimmer of hope and a fighting chance.”
After the successful transplant, Faucette was able to breathe independently, and the new heart was functioning seamlessly “without the need for any supportive devices,” according to the university.
In addition to conventional anti-rejection medications, Faucette was also undergoing a novel antibody therapy aimed at safeguarding the new organ from any harm or rejection by his body.
Xenotransplants present a formidable challenge due to the recipient’s immune system launching an attack against the foreign organ. In an effort to overcome this issue, scientists are now turning to genetically modified pigs as potential organ donors.
In recent years, medical professionals have successfully conducted kidney transplants using organs sourced from genetically engineered pigs, and one such groundbreaking achievement was reported by the NYU Langone Hospital Transplant Institute in New York. Just this month, they announced a remarkable milestone: a pig kidney transplant into a brain-dead patient that functioned effectively for an unprecedented 61 days.
In the earlier stages of xenotransplantation research, the focus had been on procuring organs from primates. For instance, in 1984, a pioneering effort saw the transplantation of a baboon heart into a newborn named “Baby Fae,” but unfortunately, she only survived for 20 days.
Current research is primarily centered around pigs, as they are considered promising candidates for human organ transplantation. This is due to their organ size, rapid growth rate, ability to produce large litters, and the fact that they are already cultivated as a food source.
